Istanbul Travel Guide: Everything You Need to Know Before Visiting the City of Two Continents

1. Why Visit Istanbul?

Istanbul is a city that will captivate you with its unique charm and appeal. It is a city that has witnessed the rise and fall of empires, the clash and fusion of cultures, and the transformation and innovation of art and architecture. It is a city that offers a variety of experiences, from exploring ancient monuments and museums to enjoying modern art and entertainment, tasting delicious cuisine and drinks, relaxing in scenic parks and gardens, shopping in colorful markets and bazaars, and partying in lively bars and clubs. Istanbul is a city that has something for everyone, no matter what your interests or preferences are.

But don’t just take my word for it. Istanbul is also a city that has been recognized and praised by many travelers and experts around the world. For example, Istanbul was ranked as the 8th best city in the world by Travel + Leisure in 2021, the 9th best destination in the world by TripAdvisor in 2020, and the 10th most visited city in the world by Euromonitor International in 2019. Istanbul was also awarded the European Capital of Culture in 2010, the World’s Best City by Condé Nast Traveler in 2014, and the World’s Best Destination by World Travel Awards in 2015.

These are just some of the reasons why you should visit Istanbul. But there are many more reasons that you will discover once you arrive in this amazing city. So don’t wait any longer and book your trip to Istanbul today. You will be glad you did.

2. When to Visit Istanbul?

One of the first things you need to consider when planning your trip to Istanbul is when to visit. Istanbul has a temperate climate, with four distinct seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Each season has its own advantages and disadvantages, depending on what you want to see and do in the city.

Here are some factors to keep in mind when choosing the best time to visit Istanbul:

2.1. Weather

The weather in Istanbul can vary greatly depending on the season and the location. Generally, spring (March-May) and autumn (September-November) are the best times to visit Istanbul in terms of weather, as the temperatures are mild and pleasant, and the rainfall is moderate. Summer (June-August) is the hottest and driest season, with temperatures reaching up to 35°C (95°F), and humidity levels rising up to 80%. Winter (December-February) is the coldest and wettest season, with temperatures dropping down to 5°C (41°F), and snowfall occurring occasionally. However, the weather can also be unpredictable and changeable, so it is always advisable to check the forecast before you travel and pack accordingly.

2.2. Seasons

The seasons in Istanbul also affect the natural beauty and scenery of the city. Spring is the most colorful and vibrant season, as the city is covered with flowers and greenery, especially in April, when the tulip festival takes place. Summer is the most sunny and bright season, as the city enjoys long days and clear skies, perfect for enjoying the views and sunsets over the Bosphorus. Autumn is the most romantic and cozy season, as the city turns into a palette of warm colors, from yellow to orange to red, especially in October, when the film festival takes place. Winter is the most festive and magical season, as the city is decorated with lights and ornaments, especially in December, when the Christmas market takes place.

2.3. Events

The events in Istanbul also influence the atmosphere and mood of the city. Istanbul hosts many cultural, artistic, religious, and sporting events throughout the year, which attract many visitors and locals alike. Some of the most popular events are:

• The Istanbul Music Festival: This is an annual event that takes place in June. The event features classical music concerts by local and international artists in various venues across the city.
• The Istanbul Biennial: This is a biennial event that takes place in September-October. It showcases contemporary art exhibitions by local and international artists in various venues across the city.
• The Istanbul Marathon: This is an annual event that takes place in November. It features a marathon race that starts in Asia and ends in Europe, crossing over the Bosphorus Bridge.
• The Istanbul Jazz Festival: This is an annual event that takes place in July. The event features jazz music concerts by local and international artists in various venues across the city.

2.4. Prices

The prices in Istanbul also vary depending on the season and the demand. Generally, spring and autumn are the peak seasons for tourism in Istanbul, which means that prices for flights, hotels, tours, etc. are higher than usual. Summer and winter are the off-seasons for tourism in Istanbul. In other words, prices for flights, hotels, tours, etc. are lower than usual. However, prices can also fluctuate depending on other factors, such as holidays, weekends, special offers, etc. Therefore, it is always advisable to compare prices before you book your trip and look for discounts or deals.

3. How to Get to Istanbul?

Once you have decided when to visit Istanbul, the next thing you need to consider is how to get there. Istanbul is a well-connected city that can be reached by various means of transportation, such as plane, train, bus, car, etc. However, the best way to get to Istanbul depends on your budget, time, comfort, and convenience.

In this Istanbul travel guide, here are some of the options that you can choose from:

3.1. Plane

Flying is the fastest and easiest way to get to Istanbul, especially if you are coming from far away. Istanbul has two main airports: Istanbul Airport (IST) and Sabiha Gokcen Airport (SAW).

• Istanbul Airport is the newer and larger airport. It is located on the European side of the city, about 40 km (25 miles) from the city center.
• Sabiha Gokcen Airport is an older and smaller airport, located on the Asian side of the city, about 45 km (28 miles) from the city center.

Both airports serve domestic and international flights. Yet, Istanbul Airport has more options and connections. You can find flights to Istanbul from many cities around the world, such as London, Paris, New York, Dubai, etc. Don’t forget to use the search engine to find the best deals for your flights.

3.2. Train

Taking a train is another way to get to Istanbul, especially if you come from nearby countries or regions, such as Europe, Asia, or the Middle East. Istanbul has two main train stations: Sirkeci Station and Haydarpasa Station.

• Sirkeci Station is located on the European side of the city, near Sultanahmet and Eminonu.
• Haydarpasa Station is located on the Asian side of the city, near Kadikoy and Uskudar.

Both stations serve domestic and international trains, but Sirkeci Station has more options and connections. You can find trains to Istanbul from many cities around the region, such as Athens, Sofia, Bucharest, Tehran, etc.

3.3. Bus

Taking a bus is another way to get to Istanbul, especially if you are on a budget or looking for a scenic route. Istanbul has two main bus terminals: Esenler Bus Terminal and Harem Bus Terminal.

Esenler Bus Terminal is located on the European side of the city, near Bayrampasa and Topkapi.

Harem Bus Terminal is located on the Asian side of the city, near Uskudar and Umraniye.

Both terminals serve domestic and international buses, but Esenler Bus Terminal has more options and connections. You can find buses to Istanbul from many cities around Turkey and neighboring countries, such as Ankara, Izmir, Antalya, Bursa, Edirne, Thessaloniki, Skopje, Belgrade, etc. You can use Busbud to check the buses from your place to Istanbul.

3.4. Car

Driving a car is another way to get to Istanbul, especially if you want more flexibility and independence. Istanbul has many roads and highways that connect it to other cities and countries. However, driving a car in Istanbul can also be challenging and stressful, as the traffic is often heavy and chaotic, the parking is scarce and expensive, and the drivers are aggressive and unpredictable. You also need to have a valid driver’s license, an international driving permit, car insurance, and a toll pass to drive in Istanbul.

4. How to Get Around Istanbul?

After you have arrived in Istanbul, the next thing you need to consider is how to get around the city. Istanbul is a large and sprawling city that covers both sides of the Bosphorus Strait, which divides Europe and Asia. The city has many districts and neighborhoods, each with its own character and attractions. To explore the city and its sights, you will need to use various modes of transportation, such as metro, tram, bus, ferry, taxi, etc. However, the best way to get around Istanbul depends on your budget, time, comfort, and convenience.

In this Istanbul travel guide, I have some options that you can choose from:

4.1. Metro

The metro is one of the fastest and easiest ways to get around Istanbul, especially if you want to avoid the traffic and reach the main areas and attractions. Istanbul has four metro lines: M1, M2, M3, and M4.

• M1 connects the European side of the city from Yenikapi to Ataturk Airport.
• M2 connects the European side of the city from Yenikapi to Haciosman, passing through Taksim and Sisli.
• M3 connects the European side of the city from Kirazli to Basaksehir.
• M4 connects the Asian side of the city from Kadikoy to Tavsantepe.

You can use a rechargeable Istanbulkart or a single-use token to pay for the metro fare, which varies depending on the distance.

4.2. Tram

The tram is another way to get around Istanbul, especially if you want to see the historic and cultural sights of the city. Istanbul has two tram lines: T1 and T4.

• T1 connects the European side of the city from Kabatas to Bagcilar, passing through Eminonu, Sultanahmet, Beyazit, and Aksaray.
• T4 connects the European side of the city from Topkapi to Mescid-i Selam.

You can use a rechargeable Istanbulkart or a single-use token to pay for the tram fare, which is fixed at 3 TL (0.35 USD).

4.3. Bus

The bus is another way to get around Istanbul, especially if you want to reach some of the remote or less accessible areas of the city. Istanbul has a large and extensive bus network that covers both sides of the city and beyond. You can use a rechargeable Istanbulkart or a single-use token to pay for the bus fare, which varies depending on the distance and type of bus.

4.4. Ferry

The ferry is another way to get around Istanbul, especially if you want to enjoy the views and cross the Bosphorus Strait. Istanbul has many ferry lines that connect both sides of the city and other destinations, such as Princes’ Islands, Bursa, Yalova, etc. You can use a rechargeable Istanbulkart or a single-use token to pay for the ferry fare, which varies depending on the distance and type of ferry.

4.5. Taxi

The taxi is another way to get around Istanbul, especially if you want more flexibility and convenience. Istanbul has thousands of taxis that are available 24/7 and can be hailed on the street, at taxi stands, or by phone or app. However, taking a taxi in Istanbul can also be expensive and risky, as some drivers may overcharge, refuse to use meters, or take longer routes. Therefore, it is advisable to check the fare, the route, and the meter before you get in, and have some change ready.

5. Where to Stay in Istanbul?

One of the most important decisions you need to make when planning your trip to Istanbul is where to stay. Istanbul is a huge and diverse city that has many districts and neighborhoods, each with its own character and attractions. Choosing the right area and hotel for your stay can make a big difference in your experience and enjoyment of the city. However, the best place to stay in Istanbul depends on your budget, style, comfort, and convenience.

In this Istanbul travel guide, below are recommendations of the best areas and hotels in Istanbul for different types of travelers and budgets:

5.1. Sultanahmet

Sultanahmet is the historic and cultural heart of Istanbul, where you can find most of the famous attractions, such as the Hagia Sophia, the Blue Mosque, the Topkapi Palace, the Basilica Cistern, etc. It is also a convenient area to stay, as it is well-connected by tram and walking distance to many sights. However, it is also a crowded and touristy area, which can be noisy and expensive. If you want to stay in Sultanahmet, here are some of the best hotels for different budgets:

5.2. Beyoglu

Beyoglu is the modern and lively part of Istanbul, where you can find many shops, cafes, bars, clubs, and galleries. It is also a diverse and cosmopolitan area, where you can experience the contemporary and creative side of the city. However, it is also a busy and chaotic area, which can be noisy and overwhelming. If you want to stay in Beyoglu, here are some of the best hotels for different budgets:

5.3. Kadikoy

Kadikoy is the main hub of the Asian side of Istanbul, where you can find many local shops, markets, restaurants, and pubs. It is also a trendy and hip area, where you can discover the alternative and artistic side of the city. However, it is also a less touristy and more authentic area, which can be less convenient and more challenging to explore. If you want to stay in Kadikoy, here are some of the best hotels for different budgets:

These are some of the best areas and hotels in Istanbul for different types of travelers and budgets. Of course, there are many more options that you can choose from, depending on your needs and preferences. You can also the search tool below to find more information and reviews for hotels in Istanbul.

6. What to See and Do in Istanbul?

Istanbul is a city that has so much to offer in terms of sights and activities. Whether you are interested in history, culture, art, nature, or fun, you will never run out of options in Istanbul. However, with so many choices, it can be hard to decide what to see and do in Istanbul. In this Istanbul travel guide, I have a list of the top things to see and do in Istanbul. These are the things that you should not miss when visiting Istanbul, as they will give you a taste of the city’s essence and charm. Here they are:

6.1. Hagia Sophia

Hagia Sophia is one of the most iconic and impressive buildings in Istanbul and in the world. It was built in the 6th century as a church, then converted into a mosque in the 15th century, and finally into a museum in the 20th century. It is a masterpiece of Byzantine and Ottoman architecture, with a stunning dome, beautiful mosaics, and intricate decorations. Particularly, it is a symbol of Istanbul’s history and culture, as it reflects the religious and political changes that the city has undergone over the centuries. Besides that, Hagia Sophia is one of the featured destinations in Dan Brown’s famous books. You can visit Hagia Sophia from Tuesday to Sunday, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. The entrance fee is 100 TL (12 USD).

6.2. Blue Mosque

Blue Mosque is another landmark and attraction in Istanbul and one of the most beautiful mosques in the world. It was built in the 17th century by Sultan Ahmed I, who wanted to rival Hagia Sophia with his own grandiose project. The mosque is named after the blue tiles that adorn its interior walls, which create a stunning contrast with the white marble and red carpets. Additionally, it is known for its six minarets, which are unique and rare among mosques. It is still an active place of worship, so you need to respect the dress code and prayer times when visiting. You can visit Blue Mosque from Monday to Saturday, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. The entrance is free, but donations are welcome.

6.3. Topkapi Palace

Topkapi Palace is another must-see attraction in Istanbul and one of the most fascinating and opulent palaces in the world. It was built in the 15th century by Sultan Mehmet II, who conquered Constantinople and made it his new capital. In fact, the palace was the residence and headquarters of the Ottoman sultans for over 400 years until they moved to Dolmabahce Palace in the 19th century. It is now a museum that showcases the lavish lifestyle and culture of the Ottoman Empire, with collections of jewels, weapons, costumes, manuscripts, etc. You can also explore its various sections, such as the harem, the treasury, the kitchens, the gardens, etc. You can visit Topkapi Palace from Tuesday to Sunday, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. The entrance fee is 100 TL (12 USD) for the palace and 70 TL (8 USD) for the harem.

6.4. Basilica Cistern

Basilica Cistern is another attraction in Istanbul and one of the most mysterious and intriguing places in the city. It was built in the 6th century by Emperor Justinian, who wanted to store water for his palace and nearby buildings. Indeed, it is an underground reservoir that can hold up to 80,000 cubic meters of water, supported by 336 marble columns. It is also decorated with carvings, sculptures, and medallions, some of which have legends and stories behind them. The most famous ones are the two Medusa heads that serve as bases for two columns, whose origins and meanings are still unknown. You can visit Basilica Cistern from Monday to Sunday, from 9 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. The entrance fee is 30 TL (3.5 USD).

6.5. Grand Bazaar

Grand Bazaar is another attraction in Istanbul and one of the largest and oldest markets in the world. It was established in the 15th century by Sultan Mehmet II, who wanted to create a commercial hub for his new capital. It is a labyrinth of over 4,000 shops, stalls, and workshops, selling everything from carpets, jewelry, spices, antiques, etc. Also, it is a cultural and social center, where you can experience the hustle and bustle of Istanbul’s trade and life. You can also bargain with the vendors, who are known for their skills and humor. You can visit Grand Bazaar from Monday to Saturday, from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. The entrance is free but be prepared to spend some money on the goods.

7. What to Eat and Drink in Istanbul?

Istanbul is a city that will delight you with its cuisine and drinks. Istanbul is a city that has a rich and diverse culinary heritage, influenced by its location, history, and culture. Yes, Istanbul is a city that offers a variety of dishes and beverages, from traditional to modern, from savory to sweet, and from hot to cold. You will never get tired of trying new flavors and sensations in Istanbul. However, with so many choices, it can be hard to decide what to eat and drink in Istanbul. That’s why in this travel guide, I have compiled a list of the top things to eat and drink in Istanbul. These are the things that you should not miss when visiting Istanbul, as they will give you a taste of the city’s essence and charm. Here they are:

7.1. Kebab

Kebab is one of the most famous and popular dishes in Istanbul and in Turkey. It is a dish that consists of grilled or roasted meat, usually lamb or beef, seasoned with spices and herbs, and served with bread, rice, salad, or yogurt. There are many types and variations of kebab, such as sis kebab (skewered meat), doner kebab (rotating meat), adana kebab (spicy minced meat), iskender kebab (sliced meat with tomato sauce and butter), etc.

You can find kebab shops and restaurants all over the city, but some of the best ones are:

• Hamdi Restaurant: This is a famous and reputable restaurant that offers delicious kebabs and other Turkish dishes, with stunning views of the Golden Horn and the Galata Tower. It is located near Eminonu Square and Spice Bazaar. The price ranges from 50 to 100 TL (6 to 12 USD) per person.
• Beyti Restaurant: This is a legendary and elegant restaurant that offers exquisite kebabs and other Turkish dishes, with impeccable service and atmosphere. It is located near Ataturk Airport and Florya Park. The price ranges from 100 to 200 TL (12 to 24 USD) per person.

7.2. Baklava

Baklava is one of the most delicious and popular desserts in Istanbul and in Turkey. It is a dessert that consists of layers of thin pastry, filled with chopped nuts, such as pistachios, walnuts, or almonds, and soaked with syrup or honey. It is a sweet and rich treat that melts in your mouth and satisfies your cravings.

You can find baklava shops and cafes all over the city, but some of the best ones are:

• Karakoy Gulluoglu: This is a famous and authentic baklava shop that offers various types and flavors of baklava, such as plain, chocolate, cream, etc. It is located in Karakoy district, near the Galata Bridge and the Galata Tower. The price ranges from 10 to 20 TL (1 to 2 USD) per piece.
• Hafiz Mustafa: This is a historic and charming baklava shop that offers various types and flavors of baklava, as well as other Turkish desserts, such as lokum (Turkish delight), kunefe (shredded pastry with cheese), etc. It is located in Sirkeci district, near Sultanahmet and Eminonu. The price ranges from 10 to 20 TL (1 to 2 USD) per piece.

7.3. Turkish Coffee

Turkish coffee is one of the most distinctive and enjoyable drinks in Istanbul and in Turkey. It is a drink that consists of finely ground coffee beans, boiled in a small pot called cezve, with sugar and sometimes spices, such as cardamom or cinnamon. It is a strong and aromatic drink that is served in small cups with foam on top, and accompanied by a glass of water and a piece of lokum. Besides that, it is a cultural and social drink, as it is often used for fortune-telling, by reading the patterns of the coffee grounds left on the cup.

You can find Turkish coffee shops and cafes all over the city, but some of the best ones are:

• Mandabatmaz: This is a cozy and friendly coffee shop that offers excellent Turkish coffee, brewed with high-quality beans and skillful technique. It is located in Beyoglu district, near Istiklal Street and Taksim Square. The price is 10 TL (1 USD) per cup.
• Pierre Loti Cafe: This is a scenic and romantic cafe that offers great Turkish coffee, along with stunning views of the Golden Horn and Eyup Sultan Mosque. It is located in the Eyup district, near Pierre Loti Hill and the cable car station. The price is 15 TL (1.8 USD) per cup.

8. What to Know Before Visiting Istanbul?

Istanbul is a city that will amaze you with its culture and hospitality. Istanbul is a city that has a rich and diverse heritage, influenced by its location, history, and people. The city offers its visitors a variety of experiences, from learning about its past to enjoying its present, to dreaming about its future. However, before you visit Istanbul, there are some things that you need to know and prepare for, to make your trip smoother and safer.

Here are some of the essential things to know before visiting Istanbul:

8.1. Visa

Depending on your nationality and the purpose of your visit, you may need a visa to enter Turkey and visit Istanbul. You can check the visa requirements and apply online on the official website of the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. You can also use the iVisa tool to find more information on visas for Turkey.

8.2. Currency

The currency used in Turkey and Istanbul is the Turkish lira (TRY), which is divided into 100 kurus. You can exchange your money at banks, exchange offices, or ATMs. Nevertheless, avoid the ones at the airport or tourist areas, as they may charge higher fees or rates. In addition, you can use your credit or debit cards at most places, but check the charges and limits with your bank before you travel. You can also use my web search tool to find the current exchange rate and other information on currency for Turkey.

8.3. Language

The official language spoken in Turkey and Istanbul is Turkish, which is a Turkic language with Latin script. You can find some people who speak English, especially in tourist areas, hotels, restaurants, etc., but it is not very common or fluent. Therefore, it is advisable to learn some basic Turkish words and phrases before you visit Istanbul, such as greetings, numbers, directions, etc.

8.4. Safety

Istanbul is generally a safe city to visit, as long as you use common sense and caution. However, like any big city, it has some risks and dangers that you need to be aware of and avoid, such as pickpockets, scammers, traffic accidents, etc. Hence, it is advisable to follow some safety tips when visiting Istanbul. To elaborate, keeping your valuables secure, avoiding dark or isolated areas, being alert and aware of your surroundings, etc.

8.5. Dress Code

Istanbul is a city that has a diverse and tolerant culture, but it also has a conservative and religious side, especially in some areas and places, such as mosques, markets, or neighborhoods. Thus, it is advisable to follow some dress code tips when visiting Istanbul, such as dressing modestly and respectfully, covering your shoulders and knees, removing your shoes and hats when entering mosques, etc.

These are some of the essential things to know before visiting Istanbul. Of course, there are many more things that you can learn and discover once you arrive in this amazing city. The important thing is to be prepared and informed before you travel so that you can enjoy your trip without any problems or worries.

Istanbul Travel Guide: Final Thoughts

I hope you enjoyed reading this Istanbul travel guide and found it useful for planning your trip. Istanbul is a city that will surprise and delight you with its beauty, diversity, charm, and energy. There is so much to see and do in Istanbul that you will never get bored or run out of options. Whether you are looking for history, culture, art, food, or fun, Istanbul has it all. So don’t hesitate and plan your trip to Istanbul today. You won’t regret it. And if you have any questions or feedback about this Istanbul travel guide, please feel free to leave a comment below or contact us. I would love to hear from you. Thank you for reading and happy travels!

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